PG (Propylene Glycol 99.5%)

Overview

Propylene Glycol (PG) 99.5% is a high-purity, multi-functional cosmetic ingredient used as a humectant, solvent, and penetration enhancer in a wide range of personal care and pharmaceutical formulations.

INCI Name

Propylene Glycol

Key Benefits

• Humectant — attracts and retains moisture in skin
• Solvent — dissolves actives, fragrances, and preservatives
• Penetration enhancer — improves delivery of actives into skin
• Prevents product from freezing or drying out
• Antimicrobial co-preservative at higher concentrations

Recommended Applications

• Serums, toners & essences
• Creams & lotions
• Hair care products
• Deodorants & antiperspirants
• Pharmaceutical topicals

Recommended Use Level

1–15% depending on application. As solvent for fragrances: 5–10%.

Solubility & Phase

Miscible with water and most polar solvents. Add to aqueous phase at any temperature.

Certifications & Grade

• 99.5% purity
• USP/BP/EP pharmaceutical grade
• Cosmetic grade

Storage

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed. Shelf life: 24 months.

Commonly Used With

• Niacinamide Powder — PG helps dissolve Niacinamide easily in serums
• Alpha Arbutin — co-solvent for brightening serum formulations
• Glycerine 99.7% — often combined with PG for balanced humectant systems
• SLES 70% — viscosity modifier in shampoo and body wash systems

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Propylene Glycol safe for skin?

Yes. At cosmetic use levels (1–15%), PG is well-tolerated by most skin types and is approved by major regulatory bodies including FDA and EU Cosmetics Regulation.

What is the difference between Propylene Glycol and Glycerine?

Both are humectants, but PG is thinner, absorbs faster, and is a better solvent. Glycerine is thicker, more moisturizing, and preferred for dry skin formulations. They are often used together.

Can PG be used to dissolve Niacinamide?

Yes. PG is an excellent co-solvent for Niacinamide powder, especially when making concentrated pre-mixes before adding to the water phase.

Is PG suitable for sensitive skin?

At low concentrations (under 5%), PG is generally well-tolerated. For very sensitive skin, consider replacing part of the PG with Glycerine for a gentler humectant system.

Can PG be used in hair care?

Yes. PG is commonly used in shampoos, conditioners, and styling products as a humectant and solvent. It pairs well with SLES 70% in shampoo bases.